By Anna Von Reitz
Good evening, all. Anna Maria here, billeted in the Toad's Hole Redoubt, thinking deep thoughts about the long, long road that brought me here.
I know that numerous people, other Americans without my time in grade, are going to be wondering -- WTH? What is Anna going on about now? Why is she bringing forward British law? What does that have to do with us?
Almost everything. We just don't know it and haven't been taught the actual history of Britain or America. We must educate ourselves and each other as best we can.
To follow this thread, you need to go back to The Seven Years War in Europe, which is what we call -- euphemistically, "The French and Indian War" that began in 1756 and which pitted the British, the French, and virtually everyone in Europe against Frederick, the Great of Prussia, and against each other, too. A more complex ball of wax can scarcely be imagined.
At one time in the middle of this conflict, Frederick II was fighting a seven-front war in Europe. Meanwhile, here in America, King George had seized the opportunity to throw off numerous pesky treatiies and inconvenient agreements with Native American tribes, most especially the Delaware and LeNape. The Native leaders quickly allied with the French and there you are, facing seven years of running battles along a frontier stretching a thousand miles from Virginia up the East Coast and westward through the Great Lakes to Montreal.
It was a blistering fight, and this is where and when Colonel Geo. Washington cut his teeth. In addition to being a total wreck diplomatically and militarily (because Frederick II of Prussia won in Europe) the Seven Years War - French and Indian War left Great Britain deeply in debt and shoving its war debts off onto the Americans and any other colonies they could charge to share their war debts and reparations.
It was the misery and extra taxation caused by these war debts that led to the Stamp Acts and other inducements that finally led to The War of Independence twenty years later.
In my ruminations and investigations into the IRS and its activities I have found that they always act as privateers and set up shop on islands that are "possessions" styled as either commonwealths or private enclaves. From 1925 to 2017 Puerto Rico, a British Commonwealth, was used in precisely this fashion. They have since made provisions to move their primary operations to the Mariana Islands where the same conditions exist.
The British Crown's purchase of the Isle of Mann for such purposes in 1765 is detailed below. This is where and when the then-equivalent of the IRS set up shop to collect war reparation taxes from the Seven Years War. This started as a collection of tariffs on imported goods and a Coast Guard operation of the British Crown to counteract illegal smuggling on the Irish Sea, but over time, came to be a collection operation for the Inquisition of Income taxes owed by the Catholic faithful as the once-a-year collection known as Peter's Pence, too.
The British Crown was already collecting tariffs and excise taxes, so they simply contracted with the Holy See to act as Tax Collectors for them, too.
What I want you all to notice is the way the Internal Revenue Service grew out of a tax to fund the Church's Crusades and a tax to pay for the King's War Debt from The Seven Years War in Europe and the French and Indian War in America. Both these taxes are imposed to pay war debts --- not government services.
Contrary to what we have been led to believe, the bulk of all those tax collections never went to pay for government services. They went to pay for the expenses of war, war, and more war. And they still do. An estimated 80% of all taxes collected from Americans are war reparations and we are portrayed as the most blood-thirsty and violent and criminal nation on Earth as part of the narrative which tries to justify this.
So let's step back 258 years and see where it all began--- (from here on the comments are from our friend in Britain who kindly compiled this invaluable Timeline.)
1765 - Isle of Man Purchase Act 1765 - 5 Geo. 3 c. 26, also known as the Act of Revestment, purchased the feudal rights of the Dukes of Atholl as Lords of Man over the Isle of Man, and revested them into the British Crown.
This allowed the Isle of Man to become a tax haven and allowed the British Monarch to assume the title ‘Lord of Man’
1765 - Isle of Man Purchase Act 1765 - 5 Geo. 3 c. 26, also known as the Act of Revestment, purchased the feudal rights of the Dukes of Atholl as Lords of Man over the Isle of Man, and revested them into the British Crown.
This allowed the Isle of Man to become a tax haven and allowed the British Monarch to assume the title ‘Lord of Man’
Here is my research of a historical timeline of the documents that affect the freedoms of the people of the British Commonwealth and ultimately makes practical slaves of nearly the whole planet. They are effectively government signed confessions of their own tyranny.
Much of the info came from http://www.friendware.net/canons/positive_law.html
This is obviously not taught in schools, so the vast majority of people are ignorant of these facts. For some early events of my research I have no documentation, but from the Magna Carta onwards, the majority are there.
There are many documents that define things to be something other than what they appear For are commonly accepted to be.
There are some documents missing from the 20th century as the government seems to have lost them…
It takes quite some time to search for statutes that have 'page not found' status on the government website.
I've found a lot of older ones on Google Books, but those from the 20th century are harder to access as they are still in copyright.
What we need is someone with access to a good law library. So that those that are not available can be checked.
I was helped enormously by the work of annavonreitz.com for a great starter on the historical stuff. I have also been reading expertinalllegalmatters.com and the work of jean keating for greater insights to the workings of the law.
This document is not complete yet, and may never be - many notes need to be added, however I feel I should help people to get started with their own research if they like.
Be aware that the statutes use doublespeak when relating to maritime things. People are defined as ships, house-boats and other maritime craft because the body is a vessel for the soul according to the dictionary.
These watercraft are all “vessels not propelled by oars”, as are we, if we look at the dictionary definition in an open minded way.
From there it is a small step to realise that a “navigable Inland waterway” can be construed to be the birth canal, as it is navigable.
A “harbour” can also be regarded as the womb. “Harbour works” is a baby within the harbour.
You’ll find more as you read.
The statutes also have to be written so that they can be read as having their ‘normal’ meaning. This leads to many convoluted statutes, which were commented on in contemporary publications about the law. I may not have listed all of these.
See also https://drive.google.com/file/d/1g2wSClvB8fl6e3uthA7wEDIGeTEODbZP/view
All Upper case text is in fact not recognised as English.
1066 - This timeline starts just after the Battle of Hastings. Apparently William had been promised England by the previous king and his claim was supported by the Pope.
This invasion was also apparently as the British were in violation of the Treaty of Camlan, in which they had ceded Wales to the Gauls some centuries before. http://annavonreitz.com/bloodmoney23.pdf
William I (the Conqueror) comes to London and agrees that it can keep its ancient rights and customs. This means that London is independent from rule by the monarch.
https://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/things-to-do/history-and-heritage/london-metropolitan-archives/collections/william-i-charter-to-the-city-of-london
William puts favoured nobles in charge of the land. These are his tenants-in-chief, who then have to pay William for the privilege of their position. They do this by taxing the peoples of their individual domains.
1087 - William commissions the Domesday Book, which lists the assets of the kingdom, but tellingly does not include London, or Winchester, where William was based when in the country.
William dies in France as the result of a hunting accident. He leaves the succession of his English lands ‘for God to decide’ and not to any of his sons.
The tenants in chief take this to mean that they now rule over the lands under their control, this was intended to ensure that that there would be no single monarch of England from then on.
His son, William II, is left 5000 pounds of silver, but no territories. William II then headed to England and demanded to be crowned. This proceeds, but he has no real lands to be King of, however he does have the title. This gets passed down through succession until it ends up with king John.
William also leaves a lot of useless land to the church. These church lands are ultimately under the control of the Pope. These lands are known as the Common Wealth.
William II Norman 1087–1100
Henry I Norman 1100–35
Stephen Blois 1135–54
Henry II Plantagenet 1154–89
Richard I Plantagenet 1189–99
John Plantagenet 1199–1216
1213 - Great Britain owned by Vatican - Treaty of Verona??? http://annavonreitz.com/kingscharter.pdf
1215 - Magna Carta - King John 1st - King John acknowledges to the Barons (descendents of William I’s Tenants-in-Chief) that he is not the sovereign king of England and they are sovereign in their own right over their own lands. They agree on a host of other things, but these promises are broken on both sides within weeks. Other Magna Cartas follow.
King John is known as John Lacklands as he has no territory of his own. The Pope makes him steward of the Common Wealth lands. Every monarch since has been a stooge of the Roman Pontiff.
More here: http://annavonreitz.com/avaluablehistorylesson.pdf
Henry III Plantagenet 1216–72
1217 - Covenant of the Commonwealth, where the Church gained the "eternal" right to possess the land and inheritance of "paupers" vouchsafed to its care by the King of England.
http://annavonreitz.com/diabolica.pdf
Edward I Plantagenet 1272–1307
1279 - Statute of Mortmain - https://avalon.law.yale.edu/medieval/mortmain.asp
This was intended to put an end to "the fraudulent bestowal of estates on religious foundations, on the understanding that the donor should hold them as fiefs of the church, and as so exonerated from public burdens.
1290 - Quia Emptores - (18 Edw.1 c.1) = https://www.legislation.gov.uk/aep/Edw1/18/1
The feudal dues of the superior lords, the king the chief of them, are secured by the abolition of subinfeudation; as, in this act, they are secured by the limitation of ecclesiastical endowments.
Meanwhile across the seas in Rome -
1302 - "Unam Sanctam" Trust - Pope Boniface VIII - Claimed the land, sea and air of the ‘world’ for Jesus, to be passed onto him upon his return.
The last line reads: “Furthermore, we declare, we proclaim, we define that it is absolutely necessary for salvation that every human creature be subject to the Roman Pontiff.”
It is not only the first trust deed in history but also the largest trust ever conceived, as it claims the whole planet and everything on it, conveyed in trust.
Effectively, the Pope claims to be in charge of the world (and has God on his side)
Back to England.
Edward II Plantagenet 1307–27
This is where the statutes start, although there is some disagreement about whether this was a statute of just an acknowledgement of the king's rights.
- Statutes have a short title as well as a character system that defines them. For example - 10 &11 Vict. c. 27 - would refer to the 27th act of the parliament that sat in the 10th and 11th years of Victoria’s reign. But the tyranny of Victoria is over half a millennium away, there’s plenty that goes on before then.
We start with one of the oddest statutes that remains on the books. Unfortunately I don’t have the evidence that I need (and may never have due to the obscurity of the clinching document) to offer it as proof of how twisted things can be, but hear me out.
1322 - Prerogativa Regis - 15 Edw 2 cc 13 17 - Whales and Great Sturgeons - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/aep/Edw2cc1317/15/13#reference-c918980
This Act was subject to a treatise on ‘The Statutes of the Realm’ in 1495 by Thomas Frowyk who was admitted to the Inner Temple of the Inns of Court.
Only two parts have apparently not been repealed.
Section xiij originally reads as follows:
Item habet warectum maris (a) per tottnn regnuni ; wallenas et
sturgiones captos in mari vel alibi infra regnum, exceptis quibusdam
locis privilegiatis per Regis.
Also the King shall have wreck of the sea (a) throughout the
realm ; whales and sturgeons taken in the sea or elsewhere within
the realm, except in certain places privileged by the King.
It was altered in 1894 to read thus and is found as such on the government website:
xiij Wreck of the Sea, Whales and Sturgeons.
Also the King shall have . . . F4 throughout the Realm, Whales and [X3great Sturgeons] taken in the Sea or elsewhere within the Realm, except in certain Places privileged by the King.
Editorial Information X3 Variant reading of the text noted in The Statutes of the Realm as follows: Sturgeons
Textual Amendments F4 Words repealed by Merchant Shipping Act 1894 (c. 60), Sch. 22
This all seems pretty innocuous, but will be referred to in a section for 1495 when we come to discuss its importance 570 years into the future.
Edward III Plantagenet 1327–77
Black Death in the winter of 1349–1350
The first definite statute that seems to control the populace came just after a European Pandemic
1349 - June 18 - The Ordinance of Labourers - (23 Edw. 3) - https://sourcebooks.fordham.edu/seth/ordinance-labourers.asp - Introduced in response to the ravages on the workforce of the Black Death. It forced all under 60 to work and prohibited free movement of labour. Fixed wages and introduced price controls.
1350 - A Statute for those born In Parts beyond Sea (1350) - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/aep/Edw3/25/0/contents
1351 - Second Statute of Labourers - https://spartacus-educational.com/YALDstatute.htm - This statute set a maximum wage for labourers that was commensurate with wages paid before the Black Death, specifically, in the year 1346
1368 - Observance of due Process of Law - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/aep/Edw3/42/3
Richard II Plantagenet 1377–99
1381- May 30th – November 1381 - The Peasants' Revolt, also named Wat Tyler's Rebellion or the Great Rising, was a major uprising across large parts of England in 1381. Result: Sacking of Tower of London and mass killing of Royal Officials. However it didn’t last long. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/Wat-Tyler-the-Peasants-Revolt/
Henry IV Plantagenet: Lancaster 1399–1413
Henry V Plantagenet: Lancaster 1413–22
Henry VI Plantagenet: Lancaster 1422–61
1452 - Pope Nicholas V issues the Dum Diversas Papal Bull https://religion.wikia.org/wiki/Dum_Diversas , which ushers in the West African slave trade.
1455 - Pope Nicholas V creates the first Testamentary Trust, through a deed and will. This creates a Deceased Estate, through the Papal Bull “Romanus Pontifex.”
This is only one of three (3) papal bulls to include the line with the incipit “For a perpetual remembrance.”
This Bull had the effect of conveying the right of use of the land as Real (Royal) Property, from the Express Trust Unam Sanctam, to the control of the Pontiff and his successors in perpetuity. Hence, all land is claimed as “crown land”.
This 1st Crown of the Commonwealth is represented by the 1st Cestui Que Vie Trust, created when a child is born. It deprives us of all beneficial entitlements and rights on the land.
22 May 1455 – 16 June 1487 War of the Roses
Edward IV Plantagenet: York 1461–70
Henry VI Plantagenet: Lancaster 1470–71
Edward IV Plantagenet: York 1471–83
1481 - Pope Sixtus IV creates The 2nd Crown of the Commonwealth
The second Crown was created with the papal bull Aeterni Regis, meaning “Eternal Crown”, being only the 2nd of three papal bulls as deeds of testamentary trusts.
It gives the Bearer control over all lands as the Pope’s representative of the Unum Sanctum
This Papal Bull created the “Crown of Aragon”, later known as the Crown of Spain, and is the highest sovereign and highest steward of all Roman Slaves subject to the rule of the Roman Pontiff.
This 2nd Crown is represented by the 2nd cestui Que Vie Trust, created when a child is born and, by the sale of the birth certificate as a Bond to the private central bank of the nation, depriving us of ownership of our flesh and condemning us to perpetual servitude, as a Roman person, or slave.
Edward V Plantagenet: York 1483
Richard III Plantagenet: York 1483–85
1483 - The “first” Act outlining Cestui Que (Vie) Trusts - 1Rich.3 c.1 https://ucadia.s3.amazonaws.com/statutes_uk/1400_1499/uk_1483_1Rich3_c1_cestui_que_trust.pdf
22 May 1455 – 16 June 1487 War of the Roses
Henry VII Tudor 1483–1509
1494 - Vagabonds and Beggars Act 1494 - (11 Henry VII c.2) “Vagabonds, idle and suspected persons shall be set in the stocks for three days and three nights and have none other sustenance but bread and water and then shall be put out of Town. Every beggar suitable to work shall resort to the Hundred where he last dwelled, is best known, or was born and there remain upon the pain aforesaid.”
The next bit is my own speculation of which I have no proof.
1495 - Thomas Frowyk (1460 - 1506) of the Inner Temple gives a reading about Prerogativa Regis of 1322 (The Royal Prerogative - with regard to Whales and Great Sturgeons). Thomas Frowyk’s mother was Jane Sturgeon. His Grandfather, Henry, was Lord Mayor of London.
It is my supposition that there is some aside in one of the manuscripts of the reading about ‘man being a great Sturgeon’ as the current legislation in 2020 refers to Great Sturgeons rather than just sturgeons, which would be the correct translation.
This imagined aside is what I believe enables the amendment of Prerogativa Regis in 1894. The Monarch will no longer be able to claim all ‘wrecks of the sea’ as his property, but this twisted interpretation will enable the same ends.
The most likely manuscript of the eight or so that were known to have survived until the 20th century to contain this aside was probably kept in the Inner Temple library, which was bombed in 1943 and the manuscript was apparently destroyed.
My suspicions are backed up by the fact that there is argument in support of keeping the words “Sturgeons” in future legislation, for example - https://hansard.parliament.uk/Lords/1971-02-04/debates/68b0bda5-b8b8-4476-84b4-e4d39ba72613/WildCreaturesAndForestLawsBillHl
Henry VIII Tudor 1509–47
1531 - The Vagabonds Act of 1530 (22 Henry VIII c.12) - Directed the justices of the peace to assign to the impotent poor an area within which they were to beg. Generally, the licences to beg for the impotent poor were limited to the disabled, sick, and elderly.[20] An impotent person begging out of his area was to be imprisoned for two days and nights in the stocks, on bread and water, and then sworn to return to the place in which he was authorised to beg.[21] An able-bodied beggar was to be whipped, and sworn to return to the place where he was born, or last dwelt for the space of three years,
1535 - (27 Hen.8 c.28) King Henry VIII of England and his Venetian/Magyar banking advisers seized the property of the poor and common farmers as well as the major church properties under the pretext they were “small religious estates”.
1536 - Statute of Uses 1536 - (27 Hen 8 c 10) - https://pryan2.kingsfaculty.ca/pryan/assets/File/Statute%20of%20Uses%2C%20Wills%2C%20and%20Enrolments%201536.pdf An Act of the Parliament of England that restricted the application of uses in English property law. The Statute ended the practice of creating uses in real property by changing the purely equitable title of beneficiaries of a use into absolute ownership with the right of seisin (possession).
The Statute was conceived by Henry VIII of England as a way to rectify his financial problems by simplifying the law of uses, which moved land outside the royal tax revenue (ie., through royal fees called feudal incidents), traditionally imposed through seisin. At the time, land could not be passed by a will, and when it devolved to the heir upon death was subject to taxes. Hence, the practice evolved of landowners creating a use of the land to enable it to pass to someone other than their legal heir upon their death, or simply to try and reduce the incidence of taxation.
V26 - STATUTE OF USES 1535: English Law Series
1537 - Pope Paul III creates The 3rd Crown of the Ecclesiastical See
The third Crown was created through the papal bull Convocation, also meant to open the
Council of Trent.
It is the third and final testamentary deed and will of a testamentary trust, set up for the claiming of all “lost souls”, lost to the Sea (See [of Rome]).
The Venetians assisted in the creation of the 1st Cestui Que Vie Act of 1540, to use this papal bull as the basis of Ecclesiastical authority of Henry VIII.
This 3rd Crown was secretly granted to England in the collection and “reaping” of lost souls.
This Crown is represented by the 3rd Cestui Que Vie Trust, created when a child is baptized.
It is the parents’ grant of the Baptismal certificate––title to the soul––to the church or Registrar. The application of baptisimal sacramental procedure was changed In a Papal Bull l, Altitudo divini consilii issued by Pope Paul III in 1837
Thus, without legal title over one’s own soul, you will be denied legal standing and will be treated as things––vessels (or ships{see later]) without souls––upon which the BAR is now legally able to enforce Maritime law.
1539 - (31 Hen.8 c.13) seizes larger estates.
1542 - Laws in Wales Act -
1540 - Statute of Wills - (32 Hen.8 c.1), all property was to be owned through “Estates” effectively being Welfare Funds granted by the Crown to the Benefit of use of Subjects with the most common being Estates for the non wealthy now considered “Wards of the Estate”.
https://reginajeffers.blog/2022/07/25/statute-of-wills-henry-viiis-answer-to-primogeniture/
1545 - (37 Hen.8 c.1) King Henry VIII reintroduced a title directly and solely connected to the slave trade of Rome, abolished by emperors and forbidden under Christian law called the “Custos Rotulorum” meaning literally “Keeper of the Slave Rolls” into every county, to maintain records of the Poor now as slaves. The same sacrilegious, immoral, ecclesiastically unlawful positions continue into the 21st Century as connected with Birth Certificates.
Edward VI Tudor 1547–53
1547 - (1 Ed.6 c.3), Edward VI issued a new statute that did forbid people considered poor from travelling, except for work, or from claiming their own time and activities and whether or not to work.
All people (except those members of the ruling elite, particularly those non-Christian sects from Pisa, Venice and parts of Spain responsible for wholly false religious and legal texts) now declared slaves were either to be gainfully employed in the service of some lord or master, to work to death, or if they were found to be idle, or enjoying life then they were to be seized and permanently branded with a “V” and either sold as a slave or exterminated.
The only exceptions to the rule were those men who chose to dedicate themselves to support the status quo and become educated and knowledgeable in the false texts and false scriptures of the slave masters, i.e. those who joined the legal profession. (Given the title Esquire).
This act was supposed to have been repealed in 1549 (3 & 4 Ed.6 c.16).
However, the act was then restored to full effect in 1572 (14 Ed. c.5) and through subsequent repeals of repeals, remains in force.
Mary I Tudor 1553–58
Elizabeth I Tudor 1558–1603
1571 - Letters Patent Act 1571 https://www.legislation.gov.uk/aep/Eliz1/13/6/contents
1589 - Erection of Cottages Act 1589 - (31 El c. 7) - Measures were introduced which had the effect of accelerating the disenfranchisement of land peasants into landless paupers. The peasants then required local parish permission to erect dwellings whereas before the erection of a dwelling by a land peasant on their lord’s land was considered a “right”.
As a result, the ranks of the landless poor, or “paupers” swelled as available to be press-ganged into work.
1601 (43 El. c.2) To placate the overwhelming hostility against England as a hellhole of slavery, exploitation and superstition, a new act was introduced. This was one of the early Poor Acts
1601 - Relief of Mariners Act (43 El. c.3) A “secret version” of 43 El. c.2 began to industrialize, hide and franchise slavery with the introduction of “overseers” of the poor as the foremen over the slaves, under a “cleric” of the parish and the renaming of children sold as sex slaves and workers to be called “Apprentices”.
Thus the Apprenticeship system was invented not to improve conditions, but to “rebrand” slavery under the Non Christian English-Venetian-Pisan model of commerce.
The act also introduced a new levy, collected by Parishes was called the “Poor Rates” (now called “council taxes”) against wealthy property owners for their “rent” of use of the poor as slaves.
This is the financial origin of Annuities 100 years later
James I Stuart 1603–25
1604 - The King of Spain loses the Crown of the Commonwealth. (Land)
1605 - The Crown of the Commonwealth is granted to King James I of England by Pope Paul V after the successful passage of the “Union of Crowns”, or Commonwealth, in 1605 after the false flag operation of the Gunpowder Plot.
1609 - The Mystery Act - 7 Jac. c 14 http://annavonreitz.com/1609mysterycompany.pdf http://annavonreitz.com/downloadforyourrecords.pdf
1609 - Sea Sand (Devon and Cornwall) Act
1611- King James Bible - His Catholic Majesty James 1 explained in detail the Counter-Reformation Plan to mischaracterize and bilk the English Protestants in his publication, The Bounty Book, which was published in tandem with the King James Bible, ---which was adopted as the Bible for the High Seas and Navigable Inland Waterways, while the Protestant Geneva Bible remained the Bible adopted for use on dry Land. Quote James I, "It all begins with a False Registration...." http://annavonreitz.com/thefinalansweris.pdf
1618 - 30 years War Europe
1633 - Crown Lands Act + Monopolies Act
Charles I Stuart 1625–49
1641 - Rene Descartes a Jesuit taught, french philosopher publishes “Meditations on First Philosophy, in which the existence of God and the immortality of the soul are demonstrated”
It is this work that introduces the idea that the only thing that can be certain is that “I think, therefore I am”
This leads to the Cartesian Dualism conclusion that the universe contains two radically different kinds of substances - the mind or soul, defined as immaterial thinking and the body, defined as material and unthinking.
This idea is no longer considered correct by modern philosophy, however it was this idea that enabled someone’s body to be legally separate from their mind.
This outdated philosophy is a practice that continues to this day. As such it goes a long way to explain why there is so much confusion about the workings and rules of the legal system.
1642 - English Civil War
1648 - Treaty of Westphalia - Regarded by some as the first appearance of the Nation State, but opinion is divided and it is more of a time stamp according to Wikipedia.
Interregnum [Between Monarchs] (1649–59)
1649 - 53 No Head of State
Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector 1653–58
1657 c.30 An Act for setling the Postage of England, Scotland and Ireland
https://www.gbps.org.uk/information/sources/acts/1657-06-09_Act-1657-Commonwealth-cap-30.php
Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector 1658–59
Charles II Stuart 1660–85
1660 - Post Office Act 1660 - (12 Cha 2 c.35, December 1660)
1661 - Corporation Act
1661 - An Act for a free and voluntary present to his Majesty 1661, CHAPTER 4 13 C 2 St 1
1662 - City of London Militia Act - (14 Car.2 c.3)
1662 - An Act for the the Better Relief of the Poor of This Kingdom - (14 Car.2 c.12) - The concept of “Settlements” as plantations of working poor controlled by the Church of England was further refined, including for the first time the issuance of “Settlement Certificates” equivalent to a “birth certificate, passport and social security” rolled into one document.
A child’s birthplace was its place of settlement, unless its mother had a settlement certificate from some other parish stating that the unborn child was included on the certificate.
However from the age of 7 upward the child could have been apprenticed and therefore “sold into servitude” for some rent paid back to the church as “poor taxes”.
The act also made it easier for the “clearing of common houses of the poor” and for the first time made the definition of poor the value of tenancy being a taxable value of less than £10 per year.
The act also modified the age of “emancipation” from child slavery to adult slavery as the age of 16; and
Under these draconian and morally repugnant dictates no one was allowed to move from town to town without the appropriate “Settlement Certificate”.
If a person entered a parish in which he or she did not have official settlement, and seemed likely to become chargeable to the new parish, then an examination would be made by the justices (or parish overseers).
From this examination on oath, the justices would determine if that person had the means to sustain himself. The results of the examination were documented in an Examination Paper.
As a result of the examination the intruder would then either be allowed to stay, or would be removed by means of what was known as a Removal Order, the origin of the modern equivalent of an “Eviction and Removal Notice” when a sheriff removes people from their home; and
1665 - Great Plague
1666 - Great Fire of London
1666 – The Cestui Que Vie Act of 1666 - The Great Fire of London creates the occasion for the creation of individual public trusts as a means of seizing private property: Sets forth the nature and construction of Roman Inferior Trusts in England to allow state management of property belonging of unknown survivors of the Black Death and the Fire of London.
More here again: http://annavonreitz.com/avaluablehistorylesson.pdf
Current gov.uk version references ‘O.’ in ‘Statutes of the Realm’ in Trinity College
.
1667 - An Act for the Relief and setting to work of poor prisoners - (19 Car. 2 c.4) - The concept of “workhouses” were formalized and licensed as being effectively the very worst and hellish places where people considered “prisoners” could be “legally” and effectively worked to death for the profit of the elite pirates and thieves, under the full endorsement by the Church of England.
This is the act that invented the concept of “Employment” and an expansion of the highly profitable white slavery business models of English aristocracy.
Thus, people who were taken into custody by virtue of being poor, were expected to work as well as live in conditions as traumatic and evil as any in civilized history; and
1670 - Workhouses Act - 1670 (22 & 23 Car. 2 c.18) - The abuse of poor prisoners through the “workhouses” employment model was extremely profitable and a new act was required to regulate the corporations “renting” of prisoners as “employees” for profit, particularly in the paying of their accounts to the Crown.
1677 - Statute of Frauds
1679 - Habeus Corpus
1681 - Oaths of Minors Act - About minors being bonded and never coming into the country (‘contrary’ in the text!) https://www.legislation.gov.uk/aosp/1681/85/1991-02-01
James II Stuart 1685–88
1685 - Settlement of poor Act - (1 Jac.2. c. 17) Previous acts were continued and some made perpetual such as the controls over paperwork and “Settlement Certificates” as the origin and ancestor of Birth Certificates by James II as one of the few acts that the ruling elite permitted to remain as an active Statute of Westminster under his reign.
James abdicated and was replaced by Protestants from Holland
1688 - Coronation Oath Act https://www.legislation.gov.uk/aep/WillandMar/1/6
1688 - Great Seal Act https://www.legislation.gov.uk/aep/WillandMar/1/21/contents
William III and Mary II Orange/Stuart 1689–1702
1689 - English Bill of Rights - Concerns the abdication of James II and the rights of the English people and the restrictions on the Crown.
People’s rights include
- Protestants (Non-catholics) have the right to bear arms
- Freedom of speech
- Reasonable terms for bail
- No cruel or unusual punishments
- No right to fines before conviction
- Freedom of elections to Parliament
- Trial by jury
Crown Restrictions include
- No standing army without Parliament’s permission
- No creation or enactment of laws by regal authority
- No levying of money, other than agreed by Parliament
- Ecclesiastical and other courts are illegal
No following statute can over-rule these rights - currently omitted on the UK government website
1689 - An Act for Reversing the Judgment in a Quo Warranto against the City of London and for Restoreing the City of London to its antient Rights and Priviledges. [ William and Mary, Chapter VIII. Rot. Parl. pt. 1. nu. 10.]
This confirms that the City of London is an independent city state. As it does not have a ‘democratic’ voting system, it has never been a member of the E.U.
1691 - Amending Settlement of Poor Act - (3 W. & M. c.11) Under William and Mary of Orange the acts of workhouses and abuse of the poor were continued and further refined, with greater oversight on paperwork and accounting for poor entering and leaving parishes, to prevent fraud by overseers and corporations.
1694 - (The Bank of England Act) - An Act for granting to theire Majesties severall Rates and Duties upon Tunnage of Shipps and Vessells and upon Beere Ale and other Liquors for secureing certaine Recompenses and Advantages in the said Act mentioned to such Persons as shall voluntarily advance the summe of [£1,500,000] towards the carrying on the Warr against France - https://www.british-history.ac.uk/statutes-realm/vol6/pp483-495
In case you don’t understand how banks become so rich consider this:
According to a legal dictionary money is ‘gold or silver coin of the realm embossed with the monarch’s image’
You start a bank with no money, but just an impenetrable building, some henchmen and a cunning plan.
Initially you charge people to keep their money safe.
You do a good job, but they still have to take their money out to pay for things and at this point it can be stolen.
So you offer a service where they write a cheque to another person and the bank transfers the money from one strong box to another.
After a while everybody thinks the bank has money of its own, but it doesn’t, it just looks after money.
Because people don’t often withdraw their money and it is also believed the bank owns money, the bank can now offer loans by ‘borrowing’ from its customers without them knowing.
The bank simply writes a credit note to a person, they then write a cheque to whoever they are buying something from and the recipient thinks that the bank has transferred the money to their (the recipients) strong box. But of course they haven’t as that money has just been created from thin air.
If the recipient wants the gold, the bank just takes it from other strong boxes and puts it back when the original borrower pays their loan and interest back in real money.
Now imagine that only 10% of the money is ever taken out, this means that the bank could ‘play’ with money that it doesn’t own.
Here’s the really cunning bit. Let's say a bank fraudulently loans out £100 to ten people and charges 10% interest just by using credit notes.
At the beginning of the year the bank has no money of its own, but at the end it will have £100 and money of its own to lend out.
It can now lend that £100 pounds out ten times over as well as the depositors money. So at the end of the second year it has doubled its own money as well as once again doubling that of its depositors - without them knowing - so it just pockets the money.
Because the bank is a private enterprise it is possible to siphon off vast amounts of profits for personal gain.
In less than half a century this regular doubling will lead to the banks owners squirreling away a unimaginable fortune - all in gold remember. They lend out paper and demand gold in return.
If too many people want their money back at the same time, the bank can’t pay and so goes bankrupt, leaving the depositors with little return but the owners with their billions.
The bank owners use their private wealth to buy political favour, control interest rates and install their bank in other lands and make it the national bank or if others don’t agree to the carrot, they use the stick of threatened violence against friends or family.
Finally, they decide they don’t want anybody getting their gold back, so they persuade politicians to pass a law in their favour ‘for the good of the country’. See the later banking Acts.
Now who do you think the real government is?
1694 - December 28 - Mary dies
William III Orange 1694 - 1702
1695 - The Bank of England began issuing notes in 1695 with the promise to pay the bearer the value of the note on demand in specie (gold or silver coin).
1697 - Poor Apprentices Act - (8 & 9 W. c.30) - One of the more horrific of the wicked and morally repugnant acts of Westminster was the introduction (in §2) “Poor receiving Alms to Wear a Badge” - The “badge” of the poor was the letter “P” to be worn at all times on the shoulder of the right sleeve.
The first examples of badges as a stigma to status is most likely this act.
The use of the “P” as a form of curse and stigma is the same model of modern passports for citizens listed as “P” (Paupers, Poor, Peasant, Prisoners, Property, Peon, Passenger) used today. See 2010 / 2021.
1698 - The Poor Act - (9 & 10 Will, 3 c.11) - This act reinforced the measurement of the poor being one who does not have an annual lease taxable at ten pounds or more. This made more than 95% of the population of England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland “poor” at that time.
1689 - Crown and Parliament Recognition Act 1689 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/aep/WillandMar/2/1
1701 - Act of settlement -
Anne Stuart 1702–14
1702 - Crown Lands Act - (1 Ann, 1 c.1) - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/aep/Ann/1/1/contents
1702 – Maritime Wagering Act - The British Crown and Dutch East India Company collude under Maritime Wagering Act. Living men are deemed to be “vessels” and insured. Their death/loss becomes a means of enrichment for the commercial corporations and the British Government.
Although there is no reference to this on the web, it is unnecessary, as the word “vessel” can be found to refer to a person (‘body corporate’ in legal terms) in the majority of, if not all, dictionaries. In later Acts the word vessel is replaced with ‘ship’ and possibly even ‘house-boat’
1702 - Relief of Poor Prisoners for Debt - (1 Ann St.1 c.25)
1702 - Union with Scotland
1707 - The Cestui Que Vie Act 1707 - (6 Ann c.72) (Originally 6 Ann. c.18?) - Roman Inferior Estate Trust
1713 - (12 Ann. S.1 c.18) - The extension of Settlement Certificates -
https://filippomsposini.files.wordpress.com/2019/09/1712-poor-act.pdf
[Originally in An Act for the Better Relief of the Poor of This Kingdom - (13 & 14 Car. 2 c.??)] as a form of negotiable Security was introduced for the first time (and continues with Birth Certificates today) whereby those born in a place but without a Settlement Certificate (including women and children), could be moved to a different location, such as a commercial workhouse when the “cost” of such certificates were purchased by a corporation.
As the lifetime’s labour output of someone in the workhouse could be estimated, the Crown could borrow money against their future ‘domestic product’. This practice continues today, with the borrowing taking place against your future tax payments. Basically someone is borrowing money and you have to pay it back.
1713 - Wreck of the Sea Act 1713 - 12 Ann. Stat.2 c.18 (Ann. 13 c.21) - An Act for the preserving all such Ships and Goods thereof, which shall happen to be forced on Shore, or stranded upon the Coasts of this Kingdom, or any other of Her Majesty's Dominions.
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1DWR6YLYshVNYip8ZgOzEl8e4bxhMbUjYFW7ii5jYtiE/edit?usp=sharing
Looks like an act to discourage wrecking, until you realise that the salvaged ship is in fact a ‘person’ with a name similar to what you are called and answer to. But they keep this secret and use it to charge your part of the national estate that was part of the Settlements act. They then keep that secret too and get you to pay again.
George I Hanover 1714–27
1716 - Bank of England Act
1719 - Excise Act 1719 - 6 Geo 1 c 21
1722 - An Act for Amending the Laws relating to the Settlement, Employment, and Relief of the Poor - (9 Geo.1 c.7) - Due to the increase in the number of “poor”, in which those who had been thrown out of their homes or had their land seized by pirates and thieves operating with endorsement of Westminster and who sought relief from the Church to stay alive now had to “compete” to enter into a workhouse to survive.
Furthermore, the act expanded the ability for a wide variety of business owners to contract with churchwardens for the rent and use of the poor as “indentured servants” and “apprentices”.
George II Hanover 1727–60
1727 - Demise of the Crown Act
1733 - (6 Geo.2 c.32) - One of the most inhumane and barbaric edicts in history was issued by Westminster (and remains an underlying pillar of the slave system today), whereby poor people who could not purchase a “license” to be considered married, would have their children deemed “bastards” and such children could then be seized by Churchwardens and “sold”.
Thus the baby slave trade was born and fully endorsed by the Church of England and British Society.
1750 - Constables Protection Act -
1754/56 - 1763 Seven Years War / French and (North American) Indian War World’s first “Central Bank ” created in Prussia to control commodity prices.
1758 - de Vattel publishes Law of Nations - a nation is a ‘person’ in law
George III Hanover 1760–1820
1761 - (2 Geo.3 c.22), https://www.londonlives.org/static/RI.jsp#fnr1_2 Westminster declared that all poor as mental “infants” and too stupid to realize the underlying system of slavery and complicity of the Christian Churches, were now to be cursed and doomed as “dead in law” by their registration in the Bills of Mortality and the creation of the “civil birth” rituals being rituals of death that continue today within modern hospitals and registration of new born babies.
There is a central register (I have evidence but not sure where at the moment) of ‘deaths’ which can be changed at will, should anyone request permission to see it. Once the register entry has been seen, it can then be changed back again.
This was further reinforced with the act in 1767
https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=DV0XAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA107&lpg=PA107&dq=An+Act+for+the+keeping+regular,+uniform+and+annual+Registers,+of+all+Parish+Poor+Infants+under+a+certain+Age&source=bl&ots=6gdRGpJtsr&sig=ACfU3U1rLpc5PFPBpvdv0FHXyutqsp3LRA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj8nNGa1ebqAhURXhUIHfFJDGsQ6AEwBXoECAgQAQ#v=snippet& q=geo%20%20III%20cap%2022&f=false
that poor children were to be registered and considered “dead in law”
18. And be it further enacted, by the Authority aforesaid, That the abstract of the register of the said infant poor shall be according to the Schedule hereunto annexed marked (D).
If you read the Schedule you will see that (D) means dead.
1765 – The pollution of English Common Law with Admiralty Law to create “Equity
Law” granting absolute power to the judiciary to seize upon and distribute private
property comes to fruition in England under Lord Mansfield
1765 - Isle of Man Purchase Act 1765 - 5 Geo. 3 c. 26, also known as the Act of Revestment, purchased the feudal rights of the Dukes of Atholl as Lords of Man over the Isle of Man, and revested them into the British Crown.
This allowed the Isle of Man to become a tax haven and allowed the British Monarch to assume the title ‘Lord of Man’
1773 - Inclosure Act 1773 - (13 Geo.3 c.81)
1797 - Bank Restriction Act - (37 Geo. III. c. 45) - British banknotes were overprinted (greater value issued than was held on reserve) by the government of William Pitt the Younger after Britain declared war on revolutionary France in 1793.
The passing of the Bank Restriction Act released the government from the fear of mass redemption of such convertible banknotes, and by the end of the war in 1814, the banknotes in circulation had a face value of £28.4 million, yet was backed by only £2.2 million of gold.
https://branchcollective.org/?ps_articles=mark-crosby-the-bank-restriction-act-1797-and-banknote-forgery
Also - https://www.nytimes.com/1862/01/27/archives/war-finance-in-england-the-bank-restriction-act-of-1797suspension.html
1800 - Union with Ireland Act -
Crown Private Estate Act
1801 - Inclosure Consolidation Act 1801 - (41 Geo.3 c.109) -
English Parliament effectively “privatized” massive amounts of common land for the benefit of a few, causing huge numbers of land peasants to become “landless paupers” and therefore in need of parish assistance.
Previously, in America, this caused massive rebellion as well as in Ireland and Scotland and contributed to forming a Patriot militia leading to the “War of Independence”. Almost the entire Patriot militia were deceived, captured and executed in New York (in 1777) under a deal between George Washington of the United Company of Merchants Blue Army and General Cornwalis of the East India Company Red Army.
The Americans were therefore fooled into thinking that they had won independence
The Inclosure Acts are the foundation of Land Title as it is known today; and
(xviii) Because of the deliberate "legal" theft of land under parliamentary Inclosure laws of the late 18th and early 19th Century, the number of paupers dramatically increased. This led to the most awful and cruel laws being introduced to deliver to an elite few, the slave labor force needed for the industrial revolution through the Poor Law Amendment Act (1834) which effectively stated that the poor could not receive any benefit unless they were constantly "employed" in a workhouse prison. Thus, despite international treaties against slavery, the very worst slavery being "wage slavery" or "lawful slavery" was born whereby men, women and children lived in terrible conditions and were worked "to death".
1807 - Slave Trade Abolition Act - 47 GE0 III, SESSION 1, CAP. 36 - http://www.esp.org/foundations/freedom/holdings/slave-trade-act-1807.pdf
1815 - Stamp Act
1815 - The Bank of England is deliberately bankrupted immediately after the battle of Waterloo by perfectly legitimate, if devious, means.
https://concisepolitics.com/2017/09/22/timeline-of-england-and-city-of-london-the-crown/
An agent of a well known international banking family is at the Battle of Waterloo. Immediately after Napoleon's defeat to the Duke of Wellington a courier leaves for London with the news, in order to get there ahead of the ‘official’ agent of the Duke of Wellington.
By getting there first there is potentially a vast fortune to be made in financial markets before there is official news of the result of the battle.
Up till this time the bankers were rich individuals who made their money available to the bank for a return of interest. The bank itself had little money, it was just a centralised lending institution. The bank issued bonds on the back of these investments
The bankruptcy was then brought about by bankers selling bonds as if they had knowledge of the result of the battle. They sold them quickly at low prices, which suggested that Wellington had lost and Napoleon could now invade.
However the cunning bankers who instigated the ‘fire sale’ sold them cheaply to their own agents, knowing full well Napoleon had lost..
There was a selling frenzy amongst the other investors and the agents in the know bought up virtually all the bonds for about 1% of their worth.
A day later official word reaches London that Wellington beat Napoleon and the country is safe.
However, the bankers are now broke as they sold their bonds so cheaply and one family controls all the money.
1816 - The King of England loses the 3rd Crown, due to the deliberate bankruptcy of England following the Battle of Waterloo.
But the 3rd Crown doesn’t actually go very far.
The 3rd Crown is granted to the Temple Bar in the City of London (claiming to be a separate city state and not part of England since 1066) which became known as the Crown Bar, or simply the Crown.
The Bar Associations have since been responsible for administering the “reaping” of the souls of the lost and damned, including the registration and collection of Baptismal certificates representing the souls collected by the Vatican and stored in its vaults.
1816 - Coinage Act 1816 - 56 Geo. III c.68 - A great currency reset - All lawful money in the form of gold and silver coins was collected and melted down and new coinage issued in its place and termed legal tender. This meant that it was now all in control of the single family, privately run Bank of England
1816 - Habeus Corpus
1819 - Dean Forest Act
George IV Hanover 1820–30
1820 - Militia City of London Act
1821 - Cinque Ports Act 1821
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Geo4/1-2/76/section/XIX/enacted
1822 - A digest of the public general statutes from the Magna Charta a.d 1224-5 to 1 & 2 Geo. 4 a.d. 1821 - by Tyrwhitt and Tyndale of The Middle Temple - https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=36RFAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR50&lpg=PR50&dq=%2219+Car.+2%22+c.4+1667&source=bl&ots=VP4fMzrxSC&sig=ACfU3U3saXau8FiWDhwTXzfFXQVMWQpeFw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjs_oqUwv_qAhWUh1wKHeZoAqMQ6AEwEHoECAgQAQ#v=snippet&q=wreck&f=false
Preface - page vi - admits that not all acts are shown with an excuse that they are not relevant to the purpose of the work.
This can explain the reason that the Maritime Wagering Act cannot be found.
1822 – The then-Pope and then-British Monarch secretly colluded to act in Breach of Trust against the Americans and signed the secret Treaty of Verona.
1825 - Juries Act - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Geo4/6/50/contents
1826 - Aliens Registration Act
https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1826/apr/20/aliens-registration-bill
https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/+/http://www.movinghere.org.uk/deliveryfiles/PRO/Registration_of_Aliens_Act_1826/0/1.pdf
William IV Hanover 1830–37
1834 - Parliament burns down, due to burning six centuries of financial records kept on Tally Sticks https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tally_stick#Split_tally
1834 - Poor Law Amendment Act (1834) - (5 & 6 Will.4 c.76) - http://www.workhouses.org.uk/poorlaws/1834act.shtml This effectively stated that the poor could not receive any benefit unless they were constantly “employed” in a workhouse prison. Most importantly, much of the inhuman, barbaric and wholly immoral and sacrilegious framework of dictates and edicts of Westminster remained in force and were not repealed by this act.
Thus, despite international treaties against slavery, the very worst slavery being “wage slavery” or “lawful slavery” was born whereby men, women and children lived in terrible conditions and were continued to be worked “to death”.
See also https://www.gutenberg.org/files/43472/43472-h/43472-h.htm English Poor Law Policy (report 1910)
1835 - Merchant Seamen Act 1835 - (5 & 6 Wm IV c 19) - (Sir James Graham’s Act) - An Act to Amend and Consolidate the laws relating to Merchant Seamen of the United Kingdom, and for forming and maintaining a register of all the men engaged in that service under the scrutiny of the Board of Trade. - Boys over the age of 13 can be Apprenticed to any ship anywhere in the land if they so agree - (It’s either that or the potential of remaining in the poor house for life.)
1835 - Municipal Reform Act - (5 & 6 Wm IV c 76) https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783598440526.247/pdf
1836 - The Births and Deaths Registration Act - (1836) - (6 & 7 Will.4 c.86) This created the General Register Office and the requirement for uniform records of births, deaths and marriages across the Empire by Municipal Councils and Unions of Parishes.
Victoria Hanover 1837–1901
Piracy Act 1837
1837 - July 1st - The British Settlement Act sets aside public wastelands as “common wealth” and paupers are said to be settled upon this land, thus becoming wards of the state. This effectively prevents the lower classes from ever being landlords and provides a basis for claiming them as chattel property.
The Birth Certificate was formed as the successor of the Settlement Certificate for all “paupers” disenfranchised of their land birthright to be considered lawful (“voluntary”) slaves with benefits provided by the local parish / region underwritten by the Society of Lloyds as it is still today.
1837 - Harbours, Piers and Ferries (Scotland) Act -
1837 - The Slave Compensation Act 1837 - (1 & 2 Vict. c. 3) - was the world's first major act of compensated emancipation and an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom, signed into law on 23 December 1837. It authorised the Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt to compensate slave owners in the British colonies of the Caribbean, Mauritius, and the Cape of Good Hope in the amount of approximately £20 million for freed slaves. Based on a government census of 1 August 1834, over 40,000 awards to slave owners were issued. Since some of the payments were converted into 3.5% government annuities, they lasted until 2015.
Dean Forest (Mines) Act 1838 - 1 & 2 Vic. c.43 https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/1-2/43/contents
1839 -140 - 3 Metropolitan Police Acts
On 10 February 1840, Queen Victoria married Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (he later took the title of Prince Consort). They were married at the Chapel Royal, St. James Palace in London. At this point everything she owned became his property and thus came under control of the head of the house of Saxe-Coburg.
1844 - Bank Charter Act 1844 - 7 & 8 Vic. c.32 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/7-8/32/contents/enacted
This act ensured that the Rothschild owned Bank of England would be the only one allowed to issue bank notes.
1844 - Order Prohibiting Outdoor Relief - www.workhouses.org.uk/gco/outdoorreliefprohibitory.shtml
1844 - August 9th - An Act for the further Amendment of the Laws Relating to the Poor of England - 7 & 8 Vic. c.101 - https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WlAvAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=An%20Act%20for%20the%20further%20Amendment%20of%20the%20Laws%20Relating%20to%20the%20Poor%20of%20England&f=false - Page 788
?????? Not completely repealed in 1948 Assistance Act !!!!
Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844 https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/7-8/61/contents/enacted
This defines the county boundaries for TECA
1845 - Companies Clauses Consolidation Act 1845 - 8 & 9 Vict. c. 16 -
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/8-9/16/contents/enacted -
1845 - Land Clauses Consolidation Act 1845 - 8 & 9 Vict. c. 18 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/8-9/18/enacted - refers to “The Special Act” - See 1861
SPECIAL ACT. A private statute; an act which operates only upon particular persons or private concerns. 1 Bl.Comm. 86; Unity v. Burrage, 103 U.S. 454, 26 L.Ed. 405.
1845 - Railway Clauses Consolidation Act 1845 - 8 & 9 Vict. c. 20 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/8-9/20/contents -
1847 - Markets and Fairs Clauses Act 1847 - 10 &11 Vict. c. 14 -
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/10-11/14/contents/enacted - refers to “The Special Act” - See 1861
1847 - Commissioners Clauses Act 1847 - 10 &11 Vict. c. 16 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/10-11/16/contents/enacted - refers to “The Special Act” - See 1861
1847 - Harbours, Piers and Docks Clauses Act 1847 - 10 &11 Vict. c. 27 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/10-11/27/enacted/data.pdf - https://docs.google.com/document/d/1UXg-DV8C3TP0IwRb0xgTLbC3oP-LB3r3yKCoPgZ5JoM/edit#heading=h.gg4bffdx156o - refers to “The Special Act” - See 1861
1847 - Towns Improvement Clauses Act 1847 - 10 &11 Vict. c. 34 -
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/10-11/34/enacted/data.pdf?view=extent
1847 - Cemeteries Clauses Act 1847 - 10 &11 Vict. c. 65 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/10-11/65/contents/enacted - refers to “The Special Act” - See 1861
1845 - Inclosure Act 1845 - 8 & 9 Vict. c. 118 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/8-9/118/enacted/data.pdf
1846 - Inclosure Act 1846 - 9 & 10 Vict. c. 70 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/9-10/70/enacted/data.pdf
1847 - Inclosure Act 1847 - 10 & 11 Vict. c. 111 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/10-11/111/enacted/data.pdf
1848 - Inclosure Act 1848 - 11 & 12 Vict. c. 99 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/11-12/99/enacted/data.pdf
1848 -Treason & Felony Act - This is what Michael O’Bernicia’s private prosecution is based on
1849 - Inclosure Act 1849 - 12 & 13 Vict. c. 83 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/12-13/83/enacted/data.pdf
Commentary on the Inclosure Acts - https://books.googleusercontent.com/books/content?req=AKW5QaeWohEjL92ckg_yP-nCob5Tm5sE8UjYya1wHjk9gMTM3X5VXQqVWRTpnxUGi1Cj6SuN5W6MjrQboLks9KUL-AN52WKKAiv9kqWkFmiaa_AucLq6mN_ZwiNsOoD3-KAP7Bnp9gmdzBwdvtYOhTLFFcg1xeXgc8K-_f0Eeg0vF7cUHwBoH9PjOHmpfUZY3L_Mm_5IKjtNrwI42EhLyZ3tLgiVnFVc51GzNNSGLJj8lf0OXw41xK9O0inJcYlCQRrXkOPDGGaSstzHe0NpLO3NiW-zzN-JssH__nGi1aj7t09ZFp6Da2U
1851 - Inclosures Commissioners Act 1851 - 14 & 15 Vict. c. 83
1852 - Inclosure Act 1852 - 15 & 16 Vict. c. 79
1854 - Railways and Canal Traffic Act 1854 - 17 & 18 Vict. c. 31
https://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/documents/HMG_ActCanal1854.pdf
This extends Admiralty jurisdiction to include not just seas and inland waterways, but also canals and railways. Further extension to place to eventually cover the land in the form of post walks, which are registered as postcodes.
1854 - Inclosure Act 1854 - 17 & 18 Vict. c. 97
Between 1853 and 1855 the crown on the Victorian coins changed from the Imperial Crown to St Edward’s Crown.
1857 - Inclosure Act 1857 - 20 & 21 Vict. c. 31
1859 - Inclosure Act 1859 - 22 & 23 Vict. c. 43
1858 – Benjamin Disraeli begins the push to enfranchise British labourers as properties belonging to the British Crown. They and their assets are seized upon in the process as collateral backing government debt. Their “voluntary” enslavement is used to fund the British Raj in India---though they are never told any of this.
Queen’s Remembrancer Act 1859 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/22-23/21/contents
1861 - Domicile Act - (24 & 25 Vict. c. 121) https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/24-25/121/contents
1861 - General Pier and Harbour Act 1861 - 24 & 25 Vict. c. 45 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/24-25/45/enacted/data.pdf - https://docs.google.com/document/d/1JXAlA1cWqWmEffn38oOnRIF79ow72xrU6IgT-D7nyMo/edit#
1861 - Harbours and Passing Tolls etc. Act 1861 - 24 & 25 Vict. c. 47 - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/24-25/47/enacted/data.pdf - https://docs.google.com/document/d/1JXAlA1cWqWmEffn38oOnRIF79ow72xrU6IgT-D7nyMo/edit# - (This is the “Special Act” referred to in Harbours, Piers and Docks Clauses Act 1847) -
1862 - General Pier and Harbour Act 1861, Amendment Act 1862 - 25 & 26 Vict. c. 19 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1K3B2yCQkpSwprZxARSGMvsorsGi31HwR6G90Kq-Grnw/edit#
1862 - Harbours Transfer Act 1862 - 25 & 26 Vict. c. 69 - An Act for transferring from the Admiralty to the Board of Trade certain Powers and Duties relative to Harbours and Navigation under Local and other Acts; and for other Purposes - https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/25-26/69/enacted/data.pdf
1864 - Naval Agency and Distribution Act 1864 - 27 & 28 Vict. c. 24 - An Act to provide for the Appointment, Duties, and Remuneration of Agents for Ships of War, and for the Distribution of Salvage, Bounty, Prize, and other Money among the Officers and Crews thereof.
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/27-28/24/contents
This is the act that enabled the setting up of ‘prize courts’, that are effectively the magistrates courts of today, where unwitting people are misidentified as foreign (enemy) agents and are fined for their ‘illegal’ and ‘hostile or belligerent’ actions such as not paying council tax, parking fines etc, etc.
1865 - Navy and Marines (Property Of Deceased) Act 1854 - 28 & 29 Vict. c. 111 [5th July 1865]
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/28-29/111
An Act to regulate the Disposal of Money and Effects under the Control of the Admiralty, belonging to deceased Officers, Seamen, and Marines of the Royal Navy and Marines, and other Persons.
1866 - National Debt Reduction Act 1866 - 29 & 30 Vict. c.11 https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Vict/29-30/11/contents
